The nuclear envelope also starts to dissolve. Chromosomes at this stage are not easily visible since they are uncoiled. These are thought to serve as braces for the functioning of the fibers.ĭuring the interphase period, the cell replicates its DNA (chromosomes) as it prepares for the division. These fibers arise from the centrioles, which are on either side of the cells, and may have even smaller microtubules referred to as aster. This is made possible by the presence of microtubules (spindle fibers), which pull the chromosomes into each of the cells. They are segregated so that the daughter cells can get a copy of the original DNA. The daughter cells are identical to the parent cells in that, if the parent cell is diploid, then the daughter cell will be diploid as well.ĭuring mitosis, the replicated chromosomes are positioned at the middle of the cytoplasm. This is the process through which identical daughter cells are formed through replication and the original replication of chromosomes. The first three stages make up the interphase stage, where the cell spends about 90 percent of the cycle. M phase- it is during this phase (mitosis) that the cell separates into two new cells.G2 phase- this is the second phase of growth, and the cell is preparing for mitosis/ meiosis by making sure that all the raw material required for the physical separation are present.S phase- during the phase, DNA is copied so that the daughter cells have a complete set of chromosomes at the end of the cycle.G1- during this phase, a cell prepares for the synthesis stage by making sure that all material required for DNA synthesis are present.This cycle is also composed of all the steps required for the reproduction of a eukaryotic cell. The cell cycle, which is composed of four main phases, is responsible for planning and the development of these cells. In a similar fashion to eukaryotes, the genetic material of these cells is duplicated before division.Īs the prokaryote elongates, the two chromosomes attached to the plasma membrane also move apart, and once the two copies have separated (the original and replicate chromosomes), the cell divides, a process referred to as cytokinesis.Įxcept in a case of mutation, the two resultant cells are identical.Įukaryotic cells are more complicated given that they contain more organelles as compared to the prokaryotic cells. Genetic material (nucleoid) in these cells is arranged in a single circular chromosome of the DNA. The segregation of the original and the replica, īinary fission is the type of cell division that takes place in prokaryotes ( bacteria and archaea).Mitosis and meiosis take place in eukaryotic cells and are more advanced.Īlthough there are differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, there are a number of features that are common during their processes of cell division. Whereas binary fission takes place in prokaryotic cells of simple single-celled organisms such as bacteria. There are three major types of cell division, which are: What is the Difference Between Mitosis and Meiosis?
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